Resume Essay Example

Resume Essay Example Resume Essay Resume Essay The fundamental objective in having a superb and â€Å"attractive† continue is to be picked among the numerous candidates who went after a similar position. I thoroughly accept that a resume assumes a significant job in the life of somebody who is going after a position; henceforth, it is just savvy to set up a resume that can pull the consideration of the business just as champion from the numerous resumes that should be assessed by the organization one is applying at. In the article How To Write a Masterpiece of a Resume from the site www.rockportinstitute.com, it was refered to that one must have a solid yet unobtrusive bit of promoting of oneself in the resume. I discovered that setting up a resume resembles promoting oneself. What's more, in a â€Å"advertisement,† what is significant is the maintenance of your costumer of the item you are supporting. So simply like in going after a position, the resume will fill in as a kind of the commercial of â€Å"you.†Ã¢ Just like a notice, the resume isn't really solid yet it ought to be ground-breaking with a dash of humility. I’ve gained from the site likewise that businesses don't generally peruse your resume however just checked it.â In this intersection, the candidate has only a unimportant couple of moments to introduce himself/herself to the business through his/her application. Subsequently, this is a test to the candidate †a superb and amazing resume. By and by, my primary worry in setting up a resume is that I need more work encounters that I can fill-in to the piece of the resume wherein I need to refer to my past professional adventures. Despite the fact that being youthful has its own points of interest, in some cases it fill in as a snag in going after a position in light of the fact that the business may presumably feel that you have less involvement with work.â But of this, I accept it as a test in setting up a decent, brief, precise and appealing resume. I may have less work encounters, however I can offset it with my great instructive foundation, and adaptable and dedicated personality.â Also, I gained from the previously mentioned site that a resume is all pretty much imagination. You need to novel in selling yourself.

French and British Colonialism and Imperialism in Africa Essay examples

French and British Colonialism and Imperialism in Africa Africa is home to endless societies that all have their own one of a kind thoughts and customs. During the recent hundreds of years, these societies were threatened to where they nearly stopped to exist. The Berlin Conference was a significant event in Africa and Europe's history. It legitimized what the European forces, for the most part France and Britain, had been accomplishing for as far back as hundred years, without the endorsement of any African nation. During the late nineteenth century, France and Britain started imperialistic endeavors into Africa, which in the long run drove Leopold II to overcome the Congo. It was Leopold's II nearness in Africa that to drove the Berlin Conference. The Berlin Conference occurred most importantly to legitimize what was at that point occurring in Africa (Berlin). Africa had as of late encountered the European nations' ravenousness. The British and the French, alongside a couple of other European countries, had begun to cut up Africa anyway they satisfied. By 1880, about portion of the beach front nations saw some sort of European nearness (Wessling spread). The French started to assume responsibility for Algeria and parts of Gabon and Senegal. The British involved quite a bit of Southern Africa and parts of the western coast. Until 1884, nobody could infringe upon internal Africa. Prior to this, the monumental nations had fundamentally focused on the coasts. By 1884 there was street associating the Congo River to the coast, and the staying European forces needed in a slice of the pie. The differences that came about because of this abrupt desire to vanquish Africa were what made the Berlin Conference so significant (Part IV). Numerous reasons past the undeniable additionally existed. The Berlin Conference was ... ... to an African country. Works Cited Bennett, Norman. Africa and Europe: From Roman Times to National Independence. New York: Africana Publishing Co, 1984. Berlin, Conference of. Vers. 3. 1994. The Concise Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia. 5 Mar. 2000 <http://www.encyclopeida.com>. Bismarck, Otto Von. Vers. 3. 1994. The Concise Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia.â â 5 Mar. 2000 <http://www.encyclopeida.com/>. Hugon, Anne. The Exploration of Africa: from Cairo to the Cape. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc, 1991. Â â â Part IV Anti-Colonialism and Reconstruction. 5 Mar. 2000 <http://www.cocc.edu/cagatucci/classes/hum211/courses of events/htimeline4.htm>. Sempell, Charlotte. Otto Von Bismarck.New York: Twayne Publishers, Inc, 1972. Wessling, H. H., Divide and Rule: The Partition of Africa, 1880-1914. Westport: Praeger, 1991. French and British Colonialism and Imperialism in Africa Essay models French and British Colonialism and Imperialism in Africa Africa is home to incalculable societies that all have their own extraordinary thoughts and customs. During the recent hundreds of years, these societies were threatened to where they nearly stopped to exist. The Berlin Conference was a significant event in Africa and Europe's history. It legitimized what the European forces, essentially France and Britain, had been accomplishing for as long as hundred years, without the endorsement of any African nation. During the late nineteenth century, France and Britain started imperialistic endeavors into Africa, which in the long run drove Leopold II to vanquish the Congo. It was Leopold's II nearness in Africa that to drove the Berlin Conference. The Berlin Conference occurred most importantly to legitimize what was at that point occurring in Africa (Berlin). Africa had as of late encountered the European nations' insatiability. The British and the French, alongside a couple of other European countries, had begun to cut up Africa anyway they satisfied. By 1880, about portion of the waterfront nations saw some sort of European nearness (Wessling spread). The French started to assume responsibility for Algeria and parts of Gabon and Senegal. The British involved quite a bit of Southern Africa and parts of the western coast. Until 1884, nobody could infringe upon inward Africa. Prior to this, the monumental nations had basically focused on the coasts. By 1884 there was street associating the Congo River to the coast, and the staying European forces needed in a slice of the pie. The contradictions that came about because of this unexpected desire to vanquish Africa were what made the Berlin Conference so significant (Part IV). Numerous reasons past the conspicuous additionally existed. The Berlin Conference was ... ... to an African country. Works Cited Bennett, Norman. Africa and Europe: From Roman Times to National Independence. New York: Africana Publishing Co, 1984. Berlin, Conference of. Vers. 3. 1994. The Concise Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia. 5 Mar. 2000 <http://www.encyclopeida.com>. Bismarck, Otto Von. Vers. 3. 1994. The Concise Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia.â â 5 Mar. 2000 <http://www.encyclopeida.com/>. Hugon, Anne. The Exploration of Africa: from Cairo to the Cape. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc, 1991. Â â â Part IV Anti-Colonialism and Reconstruction. 5 Mar. 2000 <http://www.cocc.edu/cagatucci/classes/hum211/courses of events/htimeline4.htm>. Sempell, Charlotte. Otto Von Bismarck.New York: Twayne Publishers, Inc, 1972. Wessling, H. H., Divide and Rule: The Partition of Africa, 1880-1914. Westport: Praeger, 1991.

See What Book Rioters Are Reading on May 11, 2017

See What Book Rioters Are Reading on May 11, 2017 In this feature at Book Riot, we give you a glimpse of what we are reading this very moment. Here is what the Rioters are reading today (as in literally today). This is what’s on their bedside table (or the floor, work bag, desk, whatevskis). See a Rioter who is reading your favorite book? Gird your loins â€" this list will make your TBR list EXPLODE. We’ve shown you ours, now show us yours; let us know what you’re reading (right this very moment) in the comment section below! Liberty Hardy Sourdough by Robin Sloan (Sept. 5, MCD/FSG): The author of Mr. Penumbra’s 24-Hour Bookstore is back! (galley) The Mountain: Stories by Paul Yoon (Aug. 15, Simon Schuster): If you are not reading Yoon’s short stories, you should correct that. (galley) Fresh Complaint: Stories by Jeffrey Eugenides (Oct. 3, FSG): The Virgin Suicides came out when I was in high school (I attended high school as a toddler), and it cemented Eugenides in my heart forevs. (galley) A Good Country by Laleh Khadivi (May 23, Bloomsbury): Sometimes you can just tell a publicist has a favorite book out of all the books they’re promoting, and I got that impression with this one, so I had to read it. So far, it’s amazing. (galley) Casey Stepaniuk Breadfruit by Celestine Vaite: I picked this up on Kauai while there for a trip for my moms 60th birthday at Talk Story Bookstore in Hanapepe. Apparently it is the Western-most bookstore in the US! They had a lot of cool local and other Polynesian authors and I thought Breadfruit looked especially fun. Now that my school semester is over, Im getting the chance to read it! (Paperback) Rachel Weber Monstress Volume 1: Awakening by Marjorie Liu and Sana Takeda: Stolen from a colleagues desk because I’ve been wanting to get my hands on this forever. (Paperback) Mapping The Interior by Stephen Graham Jones: I fell in love with Graham Jones after Mongrels and now Im on a mission to read every word hes ever written. I would creep on his shopping lists if I could. This is his latest novella. (eGalley) Startup by Doree Shafir: I love her journalism and my job in San Francisco means Ive often got a front seat to tech startup madness, so I cant wait to see what Shafir does with her novel about the people that live in that world. (eGalley) Jessica Yang   The Takedown by Corrie Wang: The synopsis hooked me, and Im all about Asian protagonists in YA, so I had to get it! (hardcover) Molly Wetta Always and Forever, Lara Jean by Jenny Han: I fell hard for this YA series, and am so glad it became a trilogy. The Song sisters are delightful, and Lara Jean’s trials and tribulations are just so relatable. Bonus: the audiobook is fantastic! (audiobook) A Conjuring of Light by V. E. Schwab: I was pretty pissed off at the terrible cliffhanger ending of A Gathering of Shadows, and to be honest, I lost all momentum in reading the series waiting for the final edition (I read the previous installments as ARCs, so it has been a long time). But my partner really loved the stories and implored me to finish so we can discuss, so I’m hoping to get through all 624 books before my express copy is due back at the library in 6 days. (hardcover) Kay Taylor Rea The Simplicity of Cider by Amy E. Reichert (Gallery, May 16) : I was a huge fan of Reicherts first two books, The Coincidence of Coconut Cake and Luck, Love, Lemon Pie, so I jumped at the chance to read The Simplicity of Cider. Once again, Im impressed with her immersive worldbuilding and richly drawn characters. The heroine, Sanna Lund, is a breath of fresh air: a cider maker from the fifth-generation of apple orchard owners, too tall to slip into the background and too anxious and introverted to venture comfortably outside of the safe bubble of her home. Although theres a compelling romance between Sanna and single dad seasonal hire Isaac, I fell hard for the complex family dynamics, the Lund familys financial and health struggles, Sannas maybe-magical gift for cider-making, and the mystery of an apple tree saboteur. (e-galley) I Believe in a Thing Called Love by Maurene Goo (BYR, May 30): Im only halfway through this charming YA, but its already been hilarious and heart wrenching, which is a strong start. Desi Lee has worked hard to be a good student and never step one toe out of line. Now, shes determined to snag herself a boyfriend before leaving for college. Her guide to romance? Her K Drama Rules for True Love. (eGalley) Annika Barranti Klein The Pearl Thief by Elizabeth Wein: Sort of a cheat, as I read this in one sitting the day it came out and am re-reading it because I loved it. Code Name Verity is one of my favorite books, and I love mysteries, so this is a slam dunk for me. (hardcover) Rebecca Hussey Hunger: A Memoir of (My) Body by Roxane Gay: This is going to be one of the big important books of the year. Just a little way into it, I’m difficult and moving and powerful. (egalley) Sunshine State by Sarah Gerard: I started reading this book on a vacation in Florida (lucky me!). It’s an essay collection on a range of topics, but (so far) all are about or at least set in the sunshine state. (egalley) Kate Krug Girls Made of Snow and Glass by Melissa Bashardoust: A feminist retelling of Snow White? I’m in. (NetGalley eBook) Sarah Nicolas Flame in the Mist by Renee Ahdieh: I was so excited to be offered a review copy of the first book in a new series from the author of The Wrath the Dawn. Fuedal Japan + magic + a girl masquerading as a boy? Yes, please. (digital audiobook) Real Friends by Shannon Hale: I read this one real quick before interviewing the author and was happy to see its representation of OCD and anxiety in childhood. (digital ARC) Sophia Khan Packing for Mars by Mary Roach: I’ve been loving books about space travel lately and there might not be anyone better to cover the subject than Mary Roach. Roach diligently covers the things we’re all secretly wondering about what goes on when humans leave the Earth’s atmosphere. (Paperback) Katie McLain What She Knew by Gilly Macmillan: I’ve been a little underwhelmed with some of the psychological suspense I’ve read recently, but this one has proven to be quite interesting and emotional so far.  (Digital audiobook) The Hatching  by Ezekiel Boone: The apocalypse brought on by an ancient, terrifying species of spiders.  Satisfyingly creepy and disgusting, but not recommended for arachnophobes!! (ARC) Emma Nichols Evicted by Matthew Desmond: I wasn’t planning on reading Evicted, but my book group picked it for May, and I am so glad they did. This books is such an important examination of poverty in America. And, while much of it feels quite hopeless, Desmond wants us to realize that change is not only necessary but attainable. America needs to look its flaws squarely in the face and commit to the idea that safe, affordable housing is a human right and should be provided to all. This should be required reading for all Americans. (Libro.fm audiobook) Jaime Herndon My Absolute Darling by Gabriel Tallent: I heard about this on Facebook, and Stephen King blurbed it I’m still in the early pages, but so far the writing is exquisite. (ARC) A Stitch of Time by Lauren Marks: Having done an internship in neuropsych, this book piqued my interest, and so far, it hasn’t let me down. (ARC) After the Eclipse: A Mother’s Murder, a Daughter’s Search by Sarah Perry: Full disclosure, I went to grad school with the author but that doesn’t change the vivid, arresting prose. (ARC) Steph Auteri The Secret Loves of Geek Girls edited by Hope Nicholson: TBH, I assumed this was about the secret passions of geek girls, and I thought that sounded like fun. It is, however, literally about love. Enjoying it nonetheless. (Paperback) When Sex Goes to School by Kristin Luker: Reading it as research for a personal project, but it’s also a fantastic piece of narrative journalism, which is a genre I enjoy. (Paperback) Danika Ellis Radio Silence by Alice Oseman: Queer YA with Night Vale references? Sold. (Hardcover) Ilana Masad Radiate by C. A. Higgins: I’ve been following Higgins (not literallly, that’d be creepy) since her first book, and am gobbling this final book in the Lightless Trilogy with gusto. Alison Doherty Always and Forever, Lara Jean by Jenny Han: Lara Jean is one of my favorite YA characters of all time. I’m so excited to finally have the final book of her trilogy in my hand. Bring on the baking, hair braiding, and cute boys! (ebook) Girl Out of Water by Laura Silverman: The author is an alum of my MFA program. I heard the beginning of this at a student reading two years ago. So far I’m loving Anise’s story and the breathtaking setting descriptions in this book. (Paperback) Jamie Canaves A Rising Man (Sam Wyndham #1) by Abir Mukherjee: A Scotland Yard detective working in Calcutta in the early 1900s is trying to solve the murder of a British official and I am loving everything about this novel so farâ€"especially the characters and the historical look at British ruled Calcutta. (egalley) I Know A Secret by Tess Gerritsen (Ballantine Books, Aug 22): I am always here for some Rizzoli and Isles in my life. (ARC) The Magpie Murders by Anthony Horowitz (Harper, June 6): A mystery novel inside of a mystery novel and I’ve heard Agatha Christie comps so basically it was written for me. (egalley) Dana Staves Swimming Lessons by Claire Fuller:  A missing woman (presumed dead) may or may not have surfaced twelve years after she was last seen, and the clues to her whereabouts, it seems, may lie in the letters she left behind, each one tucked into her husband’s massive book collection. I’m on the edge of my seat, wondering if this woman is alive, and how I’ll recover (along with the other characters) if she is… or if she isn’t! (Hardcover) Priya Sridhar The Fix by Liam Vaugham and Gavin Finch: A nonfiction work explaining how bankers fixed Libor. I picked this up because I enjoyed The Big Short movie and wanted to brush up on my business knowledge. (Hardcover.) Fledgling by Octavia Butler: A man finds an amnesiac vampire who appears to be a small child. Shori doesn’t remember who she is, but she remembers to feed, and to hide. So far the prose is dense, but I want to enjoy Octavia Butler’s work and read it through the end. (Paperback.) Derek Attig Infomocracy by Malka Older: Rereading this to get ready to read the follow-up, Null States. (ebook) Sri Lanka: The Cookbook by Prakash K. Sivanathan and Niranjala M. Ellawala: I’m scouting new titles for a cookbook club I’m part of, and this book is gorgeous. (hardcover) Kathleen Keenan Solitude: A Singular Life in a Crowded World by Michael Harris: There have been a number of books published in the past few years about living life alone (whether by choice or by accident), and I’m intrigued by Harris’s argument that knowing how to be alone is an increasingly important and valuable skill in our ever-more-connected world. Rebecca Renner The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness by Michelle Alexander: I have been reading a lot of books about social justice. My research has narrowed in on mass incarceration and the prison industrial complex. I think this book and Stamped from the Beginning are essential for understanding our country today. The Barrowfields by Phillip Lewis: I didn’t know what to expect with this book. It’s Southern Gothic, which I love reading, plus the narration and small-town appeal really remind me of To Kill a Mockingbird. Exit West by Moshin Hamid: I keep seeing people talking about this book, so I had to jump on it. I’m about halfway done, and so far, the magic realism is just beginning to unfurl. Horse Heaven by Jane Smiley: My horse book kick led me through a dozen books this year. The last horse book I read, Lord of Misrule by Jaimy Gordon, was fairly dark. I hope this can act as a counterpoint. Margaret Kingsbury House of Names by Colm Tóibín: I love fairy tale and myth retellings, and this one recreates the sacrifice of Iphigenia after the gods demand she die so Agamemnon can sail his fleet to attack Troy. I just have to read about Clytemnestra’s revenge. (Egalley) Daughter of Smoke and Bone by Laini Taylor: This one’s been recommended numerous times, and I’ve never gotten around to it. After reading some slower books, I decided I wanted to read a fast YA, and this one certainly fits the description. Last night, I read 200 pages in a single sitting! (Hardcover) James Wallace Harris The Hidden Life of Trees by Peter Wohlleben and Lab Girl by Hope Jahren: are two books that form a synergy of botanical information. Im listening to the first and reading the second. Both books are by scientists and reveal the lives of plants and trees, lives more bizarre and wondrous than science fiction and fantasy. Women in the English Novel 1800-1900 by Merry Williams: Is  the most engaging book Im reading. A rather dry academic work I got from the library after watching To Walk Invisible, the PBS film about the Brontë sisters. Its chock full of great observations about women characters in 19th century English literature. Anyone who loves literature, history, and feminism should find this one a juicy read despite its scholarly nature. Unfortunately, buying this book new is very expensive. I got a used copy from ABEbooks for $3.48. Megan Cavitt Otomen by Aya Kanno: A romantic comedy manga about an athletic, popular high-school boy learning not to be ashamed of his feminine hobbies? Sign me up. I’m on volume four of eighteen and can confidently say, in my best Monty Python voice, that the Otomen world is “a rather silly place.” Wacky sitcom hijinks abound, if you’re into that sort of thing; if you’re not, the first volume is still worth a look for anyone who struggles with gender performance. (Library Hardcover) Tasha Brandstatter The Name of the Game is a Kidnapping by Keigo Higashino: The latest of Higashino’s books to be translated into English. (Library Hardcover) Mal Soto What It Means When a Man Falls From The Sky by Lesley Nneka Arimah:  I love short stories. I need short stories the way some people need a talisman of some kind in their pocket. The way a vampire needs a dark room. The way Garfield needs a finely baked Italian casserole. You get it. I love short stories on my commutes, and this one’s such a perfect balance. Fairy tales, fables, families, dystopias. Arimah has such a great voice that it’s hard to single out a favorite story in this book. (Hardcover) Natalya Muncuff Let Us Dream by Alyssa Cole. I read An Extraordinary Union by this author last month and absolutely loved it. I’m now making my way through all of her other historical romances. Into The Water by Paula Hawkins. Like many others, I was a huge fan of The Girl On The Train so I knew I had to pick this up. I’ve also recently joined a book club and this is the first book we’re reading. Trisha Brown Everything, Everything by Nicola Yoon. Yes, I’m late to the party, but Everything, Everything has been on my TBR and my ereader for long enough. With the new film coming out, it’s time to carpe diem. (ebook) Haven by Rebekah Weatherspoon. I like everything I’ve read by Weatherspoon, the cover is great, and the subtitle is “Beards Bondage.” So all I have to do is wait for the person next to me on the plane to start reading over my shoulder. (ebook) Beth OBrien Woman No. 17 by Edan Lepucki:  For me, this was a case of holy-beautiful-cover! That, and it had female friendships in the description. Sold! Im only a handful of chapters in, but Im liking it so far. (Hardcover) Tiny Beautiful Things by Cheryl Strayed:  This one is a reread for me. Sometimes you just need a little wisdom from Sugar. Ive been enjoying looking back on quotes I underlined and underlining more. If you havent read this one yet, you need to. (Paperback)

The Inequality Gap Of The Rich And Poor - 1183 Words

Some people would argue that the inequality gap of the rich and the poor does not affect our democracy. Others say the inequality gap is weakening our democracy. Either way, there is a wealth gap between the rich and the poor in the United States and as this gap between the classes expands, there is a debate over what should be done. On one side, people believe that great inequality between the rich and the poor is incompatible with democracy. Democracy is defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as, â€Å"a system of government in which all the people of a state or polity ... are involved in making decisions about its affairs, typically by voting.† Voting is essential to democracy and one of the most important rights of citizenship in our country. When a person votes, they participate in the political process and through this process many important decisions are made that impact everyday life. However, not everyone votes. According to the American Political Science Association, â€Å"nearly nine out of 10 individuals in families with incomes over $75,000 reported voting in presidential elections while only half of those in families with incomes under $15,000 reported voting† (American Political Science Association, pg. 6). Unfortunately, this results in the poor having less influence in our democracy. They are focused on working to help keep their families afloat. They also do not have excess money to support the politicians that will work in their best interest. On theShow MoreRelatedThe Inequality And Inhumane Gap Between The Rich And The Poor936 Words   |  4 Pagesof us suffer the inevitable calamity of poverty? Is it an unspoken actuality that some are born with intelligence and a path to success? Or is it just how we have created our world to function like? According to Marx, the inequality and inhumane gap between the rich and the poor is the result of a hypocritical, capitalist, government who has left little to no chance for the lower class to ever see the bright lights of prosperity. Marx came up with one basic principle: Everyone works according toRead MoreThe Context Of Growing Economic Interdependence1672 Words   |  7 Pageseconomic interdependence (globalisation); inequality is both growing within and between nations. In turn, analysing the following the following statement that â€Å"Inequality can undermine economic, social and perhaps even political stability. It can tear the very fabric that holds society together. We now have firm evidence that a severely skewed income distribution harms the pace and sustainability of growth over the longer term. The growing gap between the rich and poor is now at its highest levels due toRead MoreDisparity Between The Wealthy And Poor874 Words   |  4 Pagestreatment gradually emerging due to the rising inequality. It is no doubt that the issues which are brought by the growth inequality should be highly-regarded by the government. To be specific, there are there main challenges for the government that is produced by increasing inequality: it hinders the development of economic, it evokes political concerns, and generates the social issue. As time goes on, widening disparity between the wealthy and poor is one of the greatest challenges, and it seriouslyRead MoreBenefits Of A College Student On Financial Aid1293 Words   |  6 Pagesdreams never manifest. Is it because they do not take the necessary steps to become wealthy? Or, could it be they take the steps but still get blocked because of the wealth gap? The wealth gap can be defined as unequal distribution of financial assets among a population. Or, to provide a better understanding of the wealth gap, think of it as â€Å"the haves† and â€Å"the have nots.† Of course the haves are the wealthy one percent of the population that controls almost 20 percent of the wealth. On the otherRead MoreIncome Inequality and Society1028 Words   |  5 Pages Income Inequality’s affect on Society Income inequality is on the rise and it is evident in most cities throughout the United States. There are individuals with six to seven figure incomes and then there are individuals whose income is just enough to get by. The middle class is not as prominent as the upper and lower class. This should be the other way around. There should not be so many cities with very wealthy neighborhoods right next door to low class, rundown neighborhoods, with little middleRead MoreSo Much Inequality in Our World1677 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal Inequality Most likely every single person in the world is going though an inequality and suffering from it in the society that we are living in such as racial inequality, gender inequality, income inequality, global inequality, and etc. Even though there are more people today joining organizations or associations to stop inequality than before, social inequality is keep growing. We need to think about why inequality is keep growing and not getting batter as the time goes. Growing inequalityRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The World Economy934 Words   |  4 Pageseconomic. On the other side, researchers and experts are saying that, globalization helps in increasing gap between poor and rich people in all around the world. The impact of the globalization is so wide and board, it is difficult to solve, because every countries of the world are crying to develop their economy by globalization. As a result, the globalization increase the gap between rich and poor because of, improper wage syste m and insecurity of jobs, multinational companies, environment treatiesRead MoreFinancial Gaps in Mexico and The Pearl by John Steinbeck756 Words   |  4 Pagesplace in Baja California, Mexico) the main character and his wife live in very poor conditions; however, just a few miles away from their village, lives a rich town. This presents a major gap in the quality of life between these classes. The answers to the questions discussed in this paper (i.e., â€Å"To what extent is this financial gap in Mexico?† â€Å"Why does this gap exist?† and â€Å"What could we have done to prevent this gap?†) provide a basis of understanding of this topic. Although The Pearl was writtenRead MoreGender And Race Income Inequality1473 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica has a growing gap between the wealthy and everyone else. The United States is known as a melting pot and a country full of opportunities for all but it is also the place where upper class makes millions in an hour and the lower class only makes minimum wage. United States thrives on promoting everyone is created and treated equally but that happens not to be the case. Polls after polls shows a huge percentage of Americans biggest concern is the income inequality, the rich continue to get richerRead MoreAmerica s Income And Wealth Inequality987 Words   |  4 PagesToday in America, income and wealth inequality has continued to grow at an unsettling pace. The rich continue to get richer, while the number of people categorized as lower class grows exponentially. As Joseph Stiglitz has explained, many theories that are seen as strongly Republican, such as the trickle-down effect, has caused the rich to take money from the poor, and as a result the lower class grows and the middle class disintegrates. The top 1 percent of America’s households currently holds 30

Racism Past, Present and Future - 2012 Words

Prologue While coming up with a topic for this paper, one of my questions dealt with war and cultural groups. I will be the first to admit, Racism was the last thing on my mind. The original question being, â€Å"How does war affect a Social Culture and how does it stand today?† When I started thinking about Cultures that had been so deeply affected by war, one of the first that came to mind were the Japanese in World War II. Then I recalled what one person had told me of their younger days at college, when they were attending school. Their name will remain anonymous; I do not want to make the victim’s name public as it has a very personal nature. They had told me that they had been beaten because they were Japanese. They told me how the†¦show more content†¦However there is no record (from what I have read) that the Germans or Italians were ever forced from their homes as the Japanese were (Lotchin 157). In Roger Lotchin’s Journal, â€Å"Japanese Relocation in World War II and the Illusion of Universal Racism† he writes about the other issues that came with the Japanese Americans being relocated. Lotchin brings up some other points that are very valid but doesn’t explain completely why the German and Italian Americans were not relocated as well. One of these points was fear of Japanese spies and another was the fact that the coast of California was Unprotected from attacks from Japan. During the War, Propaganda was distributed from many different Newspapers. In one of these newspapers our favorite childhood author Dr. Seuss was publishing his own form of propaganda through his cartoons. One in particular caught my eye; the image of our good old Uncle Sam was spraying our minds with insecticide to get rid of the racial prejudice bug (Dr. Seuss). The Roots of Racism run deep into our history and for some of these reasons, are repeated even into our generation. Present In this age of the internet, we know hear even more and more of racism against Asian Americans still occurring. In Le C.N.’s blogs at www.asian-nation.org , he writes about what he reads in the newspapers or sees on the Television when an Asian American is the victim of violence that is occurring in school or even aroundShow MoreRelatedThe Past Is Not Dead Essay1407 Words   |  6 PagesThe Past is NOT Dead Octavia E. Butler’s Kindred is a novel that perfectly channels the mean of William Faulkner s claim that the past is not dead; it s not even past.† To me this quote basically means that the past cannot become the past because events keep repeating throughout history. This quote is shown to us through Butler drawing upon the history of transatlantic slavery to illustrate certain ideas and behaviors that are seen throughout time. These ideas and behaviors are specifically seenRead MoreInsight Into the Past and Present with Science Fiction 0.4 by Mike Lancester574 Words   |  3 Pagesfictions texts, it is clear that they emphasise the past and present issues of humanity by exaggerating their subsequent consequences in the future. 0.4 by Mike Lancester is a science fiction text which evidently represents the discrimination inflicted upon the ‘inferior’ races by the more ‘superior’ races. As this aspect of discrimination has occurred in the past, such as the racism faced by Aboriginal people, Lancester gives us an insight into the past of humanity. Furthermore, by exploring the possibilityRead MoreCritical Race Theory On Racism751 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout history, racism has been an entity embedded in the United States society, and can still be seen in many forms today. In regard to racism being uprooted in the future, it does not seem plausible due to the fact that little progress has been made to reform the societal structures that marginalize people based on their race. Although racism is permanently embedded within the United States, working towards social justice is a necessity because it reassures communities facing marginalizationRead MoreSociety, Now and Then757 Words   |  3 PagesThroughout history, racism has existed for as long as anyone can remember. Racism has no equality, no color and no favor for anybody. We drive behind the wheel of racism. In the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn written b y Mark Twain, he explains the truth about what racism really was like in past times. Due to the strong detailed language used throughout the text, many debate on whether we should allow our students read this text or not. I believe we should continue to present this novel to ourRead MoreThe Use Of Sterilization Of Minorities By Supporting The Eugenics Movement946 Words   |  4 Pagesgenetic makeup of different races has not only just become a common theme for many modern day countries to use to make their societies more genetically fit. However, it has adopted the basis for current racism that is clearly apparent in today’s society. If improving genetic fitness was not a concern to past societies, then people in general would be a lot more open to interracial and cross-cultural relationships rather than completely disregarding the idea of dating someone that is visibly geneticallyRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s Hip Hop 878 Words   |  4 Pageswhere he comes from . Mos Def is not worry about the past, he is looking at the future. Speaking correct English is not important to Mos Def. Mos Def represents the younger generations of blacks who is comfortable with who they are. Language does not control their identity. Accept them for who they are, take it or leave it. Langston Hughes poem â€Å"Harlem†, addresses racism. Hughes candidly addresses racism in his eyes, where is it going? Will racism continue to grow like a disease or will it eventuallyRead MoreThe Theory Of Sterilization Of Minorities By Supporting The Eugenics Movement950 Words   |  4 Pagesgenetic makeup of different races has not only just become a common theme for many modern day countries to use to make their societies more genetically fit. However, it has adopted the basis for current racism that is clearly apparent in today’s society. If improving genetic fitness was not a concern to past societies, then people in general would be more open to interracial and cross-cultural relationships rather than completely disregarding the idea of dating someone that is visibly genetically differentRead MoreWill A Post-Racial America Ever Happen? Essay701 Words   |  3 Pagesvarious other parts of the media. Although we seem to be past segregation, race is still a pola rizing issue. Many people today still assert the idea that certain races are of a lower class or are to be feared, when people are nothing more than products of their own environments. If all minorities were given the same opportunities, these misconceptions and stereotypes would disappear. A post-racial America is not possible because the past of racism will continue to linger throughout generations, peopleRead MoreRacism And Loss Of Innocence1428 Words   |  6 Pagesyou consider things from his point of view †¦ until you climb into his skin and walk around in it’† (Lee 39). The literature Harper Lee presents to society touches many universal themes of society mechanics from the past and still connects to the present. Throughout the novel there are various forms of prejudice that evoke in the presence of social inequality, racism and loss of innocence. In any form of environment, social inequality and status always comes through as human nature. Throughout theRead MoreThe Search For Racial Reconciliation And Healing Essay1595 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout the story, the author use the past-present-future tensions to discuss cultural conflicts in the story including ancestry, trauma, and adaptation. First, one of the biggest reasons that Tom and Sharon went on this journey was to discover more about the past. An example of one of the biggest hurdles they had to leap over was learning about their ancestry. Many of the choices that their ancestors made in the past now represent their culture in the present, to some extent. In order to fully understand

Essay in Social Work Theory Free Essays

MODULE NAME: THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES IN SOCIAL WORK ASSIGNMENT TITLE: Choose at least two social work theories; explain their main principles, advantages and disadvantages and apply them to the assessment, planning and intervention in one of the case studies provided below. Discuss your rationale for choosing the theories selected. Case Study 2: Ramesh Ramesh is 45 year old Sri Lankan man who works as a telephone engineer. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay in Social Work Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now He lives alone, but for many years he looked after his elderly mother, who died 18 months ago. Ramesh was recently hospitalized after a suicide attempt. He had been taken anti-depressants for several months before he took an overdose. According to his sister, he had become depressed and was drinking and smoking a lot, and hardly ever eating. He had been taking time off, and at risk of losing his job with BT. His sister says that Ramesh went downhill after the death of their mother, but that she was surprised at this as he always complained about at the things he had to do for her when she was alive. The sister has a family of her own, but says that she has tried to involve Ramesh in her family, but he had mostly refused. He had friends who he used to play cricket with, but he has stopped seeing them. He had been saying that there’s nothing to live for, and he wanted to be left alone. Ramesh is due to be released from hospital in two weeks time. WORD COUNT: 3,221 Theory is defined as a set of ideas which can be beliefs or assumptions that guides social work professional to provide high quality practice and work effectively (Oko, 2008:6). A theory represents therefore a tool for social work to use. It also helps workers to make sense of what is happening on people’s life and what can be done to help them. This piece of work aims to explain the main principles, advantages and disadvantages of attachment and crisis intervention theories. Also, how these theoretical frameworks direct workers to carry out assessment, planning and intervention process and apply them to Ramesh’s case study illustrates above. I will then consider how far these models facilitate anti-oppressive practice in working with service users and why I choose them. To begin with, I will talk about attachment theory. The background of this theory was first developed by Freud. He was a psychoanalyst who viewed the bond between mother and an infant as sexually orientated. â€Å"The bond which links mother to infant is libido† (Holmes 1997:62). According to Freud, an infant expresses anxiety when he or she cannot suck the mother’s breast. During the feeding, an infant â€Å"discharges his libido† (Holmes 1997:62), in consequence the retention of anxiety diminishes. In the contrary, John Bowlby saw attachment between a mother and an infant as a â€Å"psychological bond in its own right not an instinct† (Holmes 1997:63) as Freud has described it. In addition, a child needs a mother to satisfy a physiological need to be able to cope throughout the life course. According to Bowlby, an infant that experiences separation or loss from the mother can have mental problem in adulthood or juvenile delinquency in childhood. The nature of the bond is about love, affection and a consistent and emotionally invested person in a child. In the absence of love, a child feels disorientated, lost and unhappy. â€Å"I am close to my loved one I feel good, when I am far away, I am anxious, sad or lonely† (Holmes 1997:67). The proximity seeking is essential because a child needs to be comforted when feels distress, for this reason a cuddle or a touch from a love one is a great help. Bowlby also stated that the proximity of the main care giver, who is the mother, is essential. Babies need to feel attached to one person. He argued that the mother was the best person to play that role. According to Bowlby babies have a biological need to form an attachment to a particular person who feeds and cares for them. He called it monotropy. He maintained that this was a survival instinct without it the child would be exposed to danger. This attachment occurs only in a vital period of time, which is the first five years in order to achieve a particular skill. He called this period â€Å"critical period†. The absence of the mother as attachment figure leads to maternal deprivation. Bowlby believed that maternal deprived children were more likely to develop poor social adjustment and difficult relationships in adolescence and adulthood. Subsequent to these others researchers said that it is not the absence of the mother but the presence of conflicts and disruption during the upbringing of children that cause difficulties in late life (Holmes 1997:51). For Bowlby, mothers should be devoted to their children to protect them and care for them. He believed that the interaction between a child and the main care giver helps the child to identify the self and to be ready to explore the world alone. It is called internal working model. It is a process by which a child commences to understand the self with the presence of a care giver or multiple carers leading to a positive internal working model (Holmes, 1997:78). According to Bowlby a secure child has a positive working model. In the contrary, an insecure attached child â€Å"sees himself as ineffective and unworthy of love† (Holmes, 1997:79). Bowlby would have said that Ramesh has a negative internal working model because according to his sister, he said that â€Å"there is nothing to live for and he wanted to be left alone†. He felt insecure, but again it can be argued that Ramesh’s response is explained by his natural emotion that matters to him not because he is an insecure attached child or because of the fact of loss leads to bad thoughts (Holmes, 1997:162). In a cultural point of view, maybe that was his way to mourn his mother’s death. Mourning is defined as a process of correcting the idea that, a bereaved person still feel attached to a love one who is no longer there and of overcoming the loss (Messer Jones, 2001 :490). Different cultures prescribe different grieving rituals. Maybe Ramesh wanted to express his grieving by being alone. The other key concept of attachment theory is the response of the care giver towards the child in order to determine if a child feels secure or insecure. To understand the relationship between attachment and children’s behaviour, Mary Ainsworth made a reliable naturalistic study in 1960s of mothers and their children in their first year of life. The experience is called â€Å"strange situation†. It is described as follow. A mother and child are introduced to a room with toys. Three minutes later the child is left alone with a stranger then the mother will come again and the child is again left alone without the stranger. The aim of the experience was to see how the child reacts on the presence and absence of the mother as a secure base when eft alone with a strange person and the experience lasted twenty minutes (Payne, 2005:82). Five patterns of behaviour were identified: the first one was secure attachment, the second one was insecure avoidant, and the third one was insecure ambivalent, the fourth one was insecure and disorganised and the fifth one was non-attachment. Although this experience was done on a child under stress, the results of attachment are maintained throughout the life cycle. Therefore it helps to understand an adult behaviour when facing separation or bereavement. For instance to be able to understand how Ramesh was related to his mother and what kind of therapeutic strategies to use, a social worker has to consider these patterns of attachment. The fact that Ramesh cannot cope without the mother being around even though he was the one looking after her, can be interpreted as a â€Å"fear of autonomy or compromised†(Holmes1996:20). He had an insecure ambivalent attachment. He was clinged to his mother, she was a secure base moreover her death made him independent and fearful to take back his autonomy and assertiveness. He seems to be showing his anger and pain through drinking, smoking, an overdose of anti-depressant and attempting suicide. He is facing with the loss of a significant attachment figure. Bowlby’s explanation of attachment theory focuses on mother. He did not take into account of the role of the father or a different care giver or multiple care givers. In other cultures, the extended family has an importance in rising up children. Also the socio-economic aspect was not raised by Bowlby. Meaning that for him a father was the main bread winner and a mother had the duties to look after children at home. He did not consider working mothers and single parenting. But again Bowlby’s work was done during the world war 1950’s. Attachment theory did not take into account of individuality. For instance, in a strange situation, different children would have reacted differently. Moreover Kagan quoted in psychology and social care suggested that â€Å"avoidant infants are difficult to upset, ambivalent infants are easy to stress and that secure infants are somewhere between these two† (Messer Jones, 2001:232). But again some people think that, the classification of attachment behaviour patterns are useful to understand children, to trace back childhood history and to be able to understand adults’ actual problems in relation to mental health. Theories give an idea about what is happening in a situation in social work profession. It also directs workers on how they are going to solve problems, what needs to be done in order to resolve the problem. Having saying that, attachment theory helps to understand Ramesh behaviour and attitude. He was admitted to the hospital because of depression. This could be explained by the fact that there is a relationship between bereavement and vulnerability to psychiatric disorder (Holmes, 1996:179). However, social worker will have the task to assist Ramesh in his explorations of his present and past life. The social worker has to understand how Ramesh is coping with the bereavement in his life. In order to do so the worker has to work in partnership with Ramesh, he is the best person to explain how he is feeling and coping, also what needs to be done to solve the problem immediately. Attachment theory helps to understand what is going on in Ramesh’s life. The next step will be to take action to help him. Crisis intervention model is then a practical tool that helps professionals to act efficiently. Crisis intervention was first developed by Roberts who defined it as â€Å"turning points in people’s lives† (Roberts quoted in Payne, 2005: 103). This means that, it is a point of time for deciding something when an individual is faced with an urgent stressful situation such as bereavement, a loss of a closer family member or a loss of job. The response should be then spontaneous. The theory focuses on a limited period of time (four to six weeks) within which a social worker helps and supports a service user who works though bereavement to develop new adaptive ways of coping. It assumes that the society we live in is a smooth society where norms and values are shared and understandable by all. Everyone should fit in it but then again in case an individual experiences distress he or she should find away to resolve it in order to conform. Crisis intervention also states that the life course of all individuals is constituted of many events crisis. According to (Roberts 1995:29) â€Å"A crisis is a period of Psychological disequilibrium and decreased functioning as a result of an event or situation that creates a significant problem which cannot be resolved by using familiar coping strategies†. In addition, people in crisis may experience a host of emotions, including feelings of anxiety, guilt, helplessness and withdrawal from friends and relatives. According to the definition, Ramesh can be considered to be facing crisis. For instance according to the information provided, Ramesh has attempted suicide, he took an overdose of anti-depressants, and he is avoiding his friends. Further to this the sister stated that Ramesh has become depressed and was drinking and smoking a lot. All of this information indicates the breakdown of Ramesh’s psychological equilibrium. The major cause of all these problems is the death of his mother. Ramesh might be scared to take on a new role. This suggests that new approaches must be developed for Ramesh to build his equilibrium. Crisis intervention theoretical method can therefore be applied when working with Ramesh to ensure that he develops new coping mechanisms. It is based on ego psychology derived from a psychologist, Freud and others who helped in the building of his work. It was developed around the observations of Caplan 1965 and others who looked at how people coped with a crisis in their lives. Psychodynamic ego psychology is used in crisis intervention to emphasise people’s emotional strengths in dealing with crisis (Payne 2005:98). This theory is a coping mechanism for any crisis situations including domestic violence, mental health, child abuse, drugs or alcohol problems, or the admission to hospital or care home, breakdown of close relationships etc. The crisis poses a major threat to most human beings. The response to this crisis differs from one person to another. For instance, the bereavement can be coped very well with the presence of family members and friends by one person while another whose life centred almost entirely around the dead person may feel that life is not worth and reject the support available as Ramesh did according to his sister. The theory works then towards the provision of opportunity for growth and positive changes following an emotional or physical experience which may lead a person to a break down. The idea of crisis intervention theory is to empower the person and to support them in taking the positives from the situation. Ramesh case study is a typical case where crisis intervention theory is a useful tool to use. There are lots of crisis situations surrounding him which therefore, needs intervention. Intervention has a very active, practical, directive about it. The crisis in Ramesh is not the issue of his mother’s death but rather his perception of and response to this situation. His crisis responses will be seen as drinking, smoking, taking time off the job and not eating enough. Issues raised in this case are that Ramesh is depressed and introverted as described by his sister. Crisis intervention theory suggests that a particular issue in a given crisis might represent a reaction to an issue elsewhere in the same or a connected issue. Going through this hard time might be an unfamiliar situation for him. An action at one point can therefore be expected to lead to a reaction elsewhere. If at this point in Ramesh’s life and intervention does not take place, then, he might go back to hospital and maybe end up with a severe mental health problem. I feel that crisis intervention can help Ramesh to develop a new coping mechanism by working through his experiences and feelings so he can see things better and return to stability. Crisis intervention looks at what someone can do rather than cannot do; therefore it is a social model of intervention. This can be achieved through the use of the seven stages of the theory described by Roberts 1995. The first stage is an initial assessment, where Rameh’s risks and safety are identified together with others. If he is thought to be a high danger to himself or to others, referral is made to a psychiatrist for consideration of hospitalisation. In the event of hospitalisation, the intervention proceeds. On the second stage, the worker should establish rapport and appropriate communication with Ramesh for him to understand that he â€Å"can overcome current problems and arrive at a satisfactory tomorrow† (Roberts, 1995: 20). This can be done through listening and reassuring him of a stable future. It will also help him in reducing the negatives aspects in his crisis events by structured therapy dealing with the immediate crisis that is taking small steps in dealing with his anxieties. The third stage requires the worker to explore Ramesh’s existing strengths, weaknesses and resources. It is also about identifying the major problems to deal with and addressing them. On the next stage, the worker sets some goals using the strength approach. Providing practical help and assessment of the relevant crisis issues will enable the presenting crisis situation to return to equilibrium. With Ramesh’s situation, focusing on the crisis event but also expanding beyond the factual information to include his current emotions is the first step. His crisis issues will be separated in order to decrease his anxieties and to help him make decisions about the smoking, drinking, relationship with his sister and playing cricket with his friends one at a time and for him to be able to define his goals and develop an action plan. In stage five, the worker should implement the plan, teaching new skills or mobilizing other support. Actions that needs to be taken are the use of a counselor to obtain detailed psychological information, identifying the barrier for example, the resilience of socialisation, acknowledgement of his strengths and interest for example playing cricket while addressing the rejection of his sister support. Moreover the elements of psychological ego psychology can also be applied to emphasize Ramesh’s strength in dealing with crisis. This method will be significant because Ramesh seems to be acting unconsciously and has a psychological disequilibrium. For instance, he has been drinking and smoking a lot and hardly eating, also isolating himself from his friends and feeling guilty that he did help his mother enough when she was alive. The therapeutic intervention will assist Ramesh to recognise his painful and repressed feelings. If Ramesh identifies his hidden thoughts and feelings, new coping mechanisms should be established through the mobilization of resources for support such as offering him bereavement counseling. The aim is to reduce continuing unpleasant effects and emotions. Then on the sixth stage, Ramesh together with his counselor need to review the actions that were taken and evaluate their success but to return back to the action if the crisis is not fully resolved. On the final stage, he would also be helped to think about potential future crisis, how they might be addressed and where future support may be found. And if his case is going to be terminated due to success of his actions, his feelings will be process around ending the therapeutic relationship. By providing crisis intervention, Ramesh learns new ways of coping, sees himself differently and new opportunities for the future whilst being empowered to take control. According to (Thompson 2001:11) â€Å"good practice is not dependent on the use of anyone method or approach, it is more to do with using the methods in an anti-oppressive way†. This means not being only aware of the potential for discrimination and oppression in the worker and service user relationship in social work practice, but also need to constantly look at ways of using the approaches in order to reduce oppression and discrimination. The support helps him to draw out the positives from the changes he experienced. Cognitive behavioural theory also works well with crisis intervention as it comes from the psychological theories of information processing which can also correlate how Ramesh is feeling and coping with the crisis situation. Ramesh will also be aware that decisions should not be made on the basis of one problem alone as it will create other problems. My rationale of choosing this theory is that, a limited period of time is given to resolve the crisis and therefore, effective in terms of effort and resources. The sooner Ramesh regains control of his life the better in one hand. On the other hand, good practice takes time. Consequently, an early assessment and intervention are crucial, in order to react effectively to gear towards preventing future crisis. Also crisis intervention can be highly intrusive and directive which can raise number of issues, for example ethical dilemmas and rights such as decision making process. In summary, I have explained attachment and crisis intervention theories and how the first one helps Social Worker to understand human behaviour when facing bereavement. The second approach has a role to play in promoting the anti-oppressive approach in social work practice, by restoring as much control as possible and validating and celebrating service user strengths. It uses elements of ego-psychology from psychodynamic perspective and promotes the time limited and more focused ways of working with service users. Although, the theories have limitations, they provide frameworks for Social Workers to engage with service users in the most effective way. Bibliography Holmes, J. (1996) Attachment, Intimacy, Autonomy: Using Attachment Theory in Adult Psychotherapy. New Jersey: Book Mart Press. Holmes, J. (1997) John Bowlby and Attachment Theory. London: Routledge. Messer, D Jones, F. (2001) Psychology and Social Care. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers Ltd. Oko, J. (2008) Understanding Social Work Theory. London: Learning Matters. Payne, M. (2005) Modern Social Work Theory. 3rd ed. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Roberts, A R. (1995) Crisis Intervention and Time-Limited Cognitive Treatment. London: Sage Publication Ltd. Thompson, N. (2001) Anti-discriminatory Practice. 3rd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave. How to cite Essay in Social Work Theory, Essays

Olivia Stosich Essays - Fiction, Film, Speculative Fiction

Olivia Stosich Mr. Bodily English 10 0ctober 22, 2017 A leader, by definition, is a person who leads a group of people, organization or country. In the book "Ender's Game" by Oscar Scott Card, it explains a story of a six-year old boy, Ender Wiggins, who is expected to lead a group of kids in order to save the world from an alien race called the Buggers. Ender has to endure a lot of hard things so that it is possible to save the world. While going through his journey, Ender becomes a good leader. Some things that make him a good leader is that he is a hard worker, he is creative and cares for others. At the age of six, Ender is capable of understanding and working through complex things because he is a hard worker. He thinks farther into the future, plans things out and follows through. Ender says, "I have to win this now and for all time, or I will fight it every day and it will get worse and worse" (Card 7). This is important because it shows that he works through things efficiently. Ender also does his best when he does anything. The adults see that Ender doesn't just do the bare minimum. Graff, Ender's mentor, says "Ender Wiggins is not a killer he just wins thoroughly" (Card 226). His leadership skills are evident in his work ethic. Ender is creative and smart and he encourages others to be creative as well. Ender likes unique ideas. He tells Bean, one of his soldiers, "I need you to be clever Bean, I need you to think of solutions to problems we haven't seen yet. I want you to try things no one else has ever tried because they are absolutely stupid" (Card 198). Ender is very smart. He knows or figures out how to do just about everything. In the book, the author writes "all he had to do is watch the game and understand how things worked, and then he could use the system and even excel" (Card 118). This tells us that no matter what, Ender will figure out a way to succeed. Because of Ender's creativity people follow him and his new ideas. Caring for the people you are leading creates more interest in your goals since you are vested in the outcome of the situation. Ender truly cares about his friends, especially his friend Bean. He says "I'll be watching you more compassionately than you will know, and when the time is right you will find that I am your friend and you are the soldier that you want to be" (Card 168). Ender's capacity to care for people extends even to his enemies. He explains to his sister "In the moment when I truly understand my enemy, understand him well enough to defeat him, then in that very moment I also love him" (Card 238). Ender cares for people in a way that a lot of other leaders don't. He is forced to do hard things but never loses his humanity. Some people would argue that Endure isn't capable of being a good leader because he is only six years old. This might seem like a valid point but they live in a society that is dependent on grooming children for battle. Ender is a third, meaning the third child who has a combined personality of his two older siblings giving him traits that catapult him to leadership. Ender's friend from battle school explains the oddity of their situation "I've got a pretty good idea of what children are and we are not children. Children can lose sometimes and nobody cares. Children aren't in armies, they aren't commanders, they don't rule over forty other kids, it's more than anybody can take and not get crazy" (Card 108) . The demands put on them are so great that they're childhood is non-existent, they are forced into mature situations that have life or death outcomes, requiring maturity far more than is typical for their age. Ender endured a lot to become a good leader. Throughout the book he shows his incredible work ethic, creativity and compassion. He takes these characteristics to the next level, First

Shakespeares Brothers and Sisters

Shakespeare's Brothers and Sisters William Shakespeare came from a large family and had three brothers and four sisters ... although not all of them lived long enough to meet their most famous sibling! William Shakespeares brothers and sisters were: Joan ShakespeareMargaret  Shakespeare Gilbert  ShakespeareJoan  ShakespeareAnne  ShakespeareRichard  ShakespeareEdmund  Shakespeare Much is known of Shakespeare’s mother Mary Arden whose house in Wilmcote near Stratford-upon-Avon remains a tourist attraction and functions as a working farm. His father John Shakespeare, also came from farming stock and became a Glover. Mary and John lived in Henley Street Stratford upon Avon, John worked from his house. This is where William and his siblings were brought up and this house is also a tourist attraction and it is possible to see exactly how Shakespeare and his family would have lived. John and Mary had two children before William Shakespeare was born. It is not possible to give the exact dates as birth certificates were not produced in those times. However, due to high mortality rates, it was customary to have the child baptised as soon as three days after the birth so the dates given in this article are based on that assumption. Sisters:Joan and MargaretShakespeare Joan Shakespeare was baptised in September 1558 but sadly died two months later, her sister Margaret was baptised on December 2nd 1562 she died aged one. Both were thought to have caught the prolific and deadly bubonic plague. Happily William, John and Mary’s first born son was born in 1564. As we know he lived a very successful life until he was 52 and died in April 1616 on his own birthday. Brother:Gilbert Shakespeare In 1566 Gilbert Shakespeare was born. It is thought that he was named after Gilbert Bradley who was a burgess of Stratford and was a Glover like John Shakespeare. It is believed that Gilbert would have attended school with William, being two years younger than him. Gilbert became a haberdasher and followed his brother to London. However, Gilbert often returned to Stratford and was involved in a lawsuit in the town. Gilbert never married and died a bachelor aged 46 in 1612. Sister:Joan Shakespeare Joan Shakespeare was born in 1569 (It was customary in Elizabethan England for children to be named after their dead siblings). She married a hatter called William Hart. She had four children but only two survived, they were called William and Michael. William, who was born in 1600, became an actor like his uncle. He never married but it is thought he had an illegitimate child called Charles Hart who became a famous actor of the time. William Shakespeare gave permission for Joan to live in the western   house on Henley street (There were two houses) until her death at the ripe age of 77. Sister: Anne Shakespeare Anne Shakespeare was born in 1571 she was the sixth child of John and Mary but sadly she only survived until she was eight years old. It is thought that she also died of the bubonic plague. She was given and expensive funeral despite the family experiencing financial problems at the time. She was buried on April 4th 1579. Brother:Richard Shakespeare Richard Shakespeare was baptised on March 11th 1574. Little is known about his life but the families fortunes were in decline and as a result it is very likely that Richard did not receive an education like his brothers and he would have stayed home to help with the family business. Richard was buried on February 4th 1613. He died aged 39. Brother: Edmund Shakespeare Edmund Shakespeare was baptized in 1581, he was sixteen years William’s junior. By this time the Shakespeare’s fortunes had recovered. Edmund followed in his brother’s footsteps and moved to London to become an actor. He died aged 27 and his death is also attributed to the bubonic plague which had already claimed 3 of his sibling’s lives. William paid for Edmund’s funeral which was held in Southwark London 1607 and was attended by many famous actors from the Globe. After having eight children Mary, Shakespeare’s mother lived to the grand age of 71 and died in 1608. John Shakespeare, William’s father also lived a long life, dying in 1601 aged 70. Only their daughter Joan lived a longer life than them dying at 77.

An Introduction to Ecotourism

An Introduction to Ecotourism Ecotourism is broadly defined as low impact travel to endangered and often undisturbed locations. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas - both in terms of the physical landscape and cultural characteristics, and often provides funds for conservation and benefits the economic development of places that are frequently impoverished. When Did Ecotourism Start? Ecotourism and other forms of sustainable travel have their origins with the environmental movement of the 1970s. Ecotourism itself did not become prevalent as a travel concept until the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness and a desire to travel to natural locations as opposed to built up tourist locations made ecotourism desirable. Since then, several different organizations specializing in ecotourism have developed and many different people have become experts on it. Martha D. Honey, PhD, a co-founder of the Center for Responsible Tourism, for example, is just one of many ecotourism experts. Principles of Ecotourism Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Most of these are not truly ecotourism, however, because they do not emphasize conservation, education, low impact travel, and social and cultural participation in the locations being visited. Therefore, to be considered ecotourism, a trip must meet the following principles set forth by the International Ecotourism Society: Minimize the impact of visiting the location (i.e.- the use of roads)Build respect and awareness for the environment and cultural practicesEnsure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hostsProvide direct financial aid for conservationProvide financial aid, empowerment and other benefits for local peoplesRaise the travelers awareness of the host countrys political, environmental and social climate Examples of Ecotourism Opportunities for ecotourism exist in many different locations worldwide and its activities can vary as widely. Madagascar, for instance, is famous for its ecotourist activity as it is a biodiversity hotspot, but also has a high priority for environmental conservation and is committed to reducing poverty. Conservation International says that 80% of the countrys animals and 90% of its plants are endemic only to the island. Madagascars lemurs are just one of many species that people visit the island to see. Because the islands government is committed to conservation, ecotourism is allowed in small numbers because education and funds from the travel will make it easier in the future. In addition, this tourist revenue also aids in reducing the countrys poverty. Another place where ecotourism is popular is in Indonesia at Komodo National Park. The park is made up of 233 square miles (603 sq km) of land that is spread out over several islands and 469 square miles (1,214 sq km) of water. The area was established as a national park in 1980 and is popular for ecotourism because of its unique and endangered biodiversity. Activities at Komodo National Park vary from whale watching to hiking and accommodations strive to have a low impact on the natural environment. Finally, ecotourism is also popular in Central and South America. Destinations include Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Venezuela, Guatemala, and Panama. These destinations are just a few where ecotourism is popular but opportunities exist in hundreds of more places worldwide. Criticisms of Ecotourism Despite the popularity of ecotourism in the above-mentioned examples, there are several criticisms of ecotourism as well. The first of these is that there is no one definition of the term so it is difficult to know which trips are truly considered ecotourism. In addition, the terms nature, low impact, bio, and green tourism are often interchanged with ecotourism, and these do not usually meet the principles defined by organizations like the Nature Conservancy or the International Ecotourism Society. Critics of ecotourism also cite that increased tourism to sensitive areas or ecosystems without proper planning and management can actually harm the ecosystem and its species because the infrastructure needed to sustain tourism such as roads can contribute to environmental degradation. Ecotourism is also said by critics to have a negative impact on local communities because the arrival of foreign visitors and wealth can shift political and economic conditions and sometimes make the area dependent on tourism as opposed to the domestic economic practices. Regardless of these criticisms though, ecotourism and tourism, in general, are increasing in popularity all over the globe and tourism plays a large role in many worldwide economies. Pick a Travel Company That Specializes In order to keep this tourism as sustainable as possible, however, it is essential that travelers understand what principles make a trip fall into the category of ecotourism and attempt to use travel companies that have been distinguished for their work in ecotourism - one of which is Intrepid Travel, a small company that offers worldwide eco-conscious trips and has won a number of awards for their efforts. International tourism will no doubt continue to increase in the coming years and as the Earths resources become more limited and ecosystems suffer more damage, the practices shown by Intrepid and others associated with ecotourism can make future travel a little more sustainable.

Cyber attacks Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Cyber attacks - Research Paper Example It is concerned with communications, transportation, water supply, energy, emergency services, and banking and finance. Information Technology has been evolved with new research and reinventions facilitating the critical infrastructure computerized. On the other side, vulnerabilities also emerged causing disruption to the critical infrastructure impacting in several ways. Although there are many vulnerabilities, cyber attacks are the most prominent one. Cyber attacks approach the target in a non traditional way. Due to inequity in the military strengths, hackers attack this critical infrastructure affecting both the economy as well as the military sector of the country (SANS: Critical infrastructure protection). It could be operated by the government or the private sector, both Networks provide opportunities for hackers to intrude the destination remotely and take control of the capabilities and resources these devices has. The impact of hacking in these systems is devastating. For example, hackers may gain access to the military radar systems, credit card data stolen, data stolen from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has revealed secret agents and now their life is at risk etc. The capacity of these attacks impact on the country’s economy, security and financial stability. They breach government networks which are directly related to national services. Thousands of new cyber attacks categorized with ‘Major’ and ‘Minor’ are penetrated on the Internet daily. The focus is the power sector of the United States including websites of Poland, South Korea and United Kingdom. They all have witnessed cyber attacks in past few months. Different schools in various sates of America have lost millions of fraudulent wire transfers (Shackelford, 2010). Cyber attacks are intelligent as well as organized. Once the network is hacked, they install small lop holes or software intruders for giving hackers access whenever they

The Large Bathers Formal Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Large Bathers Formal Analysis - Essay Example This paper illustrates that the Large Bathers is one of the pieces of arts in Philadelphia Museum of Art. Considering the importance and significance that this piece of art had during its time and the ages after, it is essential that a formal analysis of the painting enhance a better understanding. In the Large Bathers formal analysis, there are certain basic aspects that are ideally of substantive significance, which are looked at. These include elements such as the composition, the theme, color, lights, mood, and tone among other elements of art. Having a closer look at the painting, one is able to derive that ideally, the main theme surrounding the painting is that of human figures in a landscape. Amongst all the works of Cezanne, it is the large bathers that the most lasting and profound impact in addressing the theme of human figures in a landscape. The Bathers painting’s composition is done in such a way that there are trees bordering the bathers from either side with th e bathers in their nude bodies, bending inwardly towards each other, in a manner that looks like their attention is drawn to something. In the surrounding, the Bathers and the trees are aligned in such a way that they form a shape of a triangle. In between the Bathers and the onlookers, there is a dark painting, that looks like a lake. At first sight, the picture brings into perspective certain aspects of old tradition considering the manner in which the paintings are done. The paintings are those of nude women, a traditional approach to paintings, an aspect that contradicts the actual reality that the painting was the beginning of the modern art. Considering the period during which the painting was done, the pictures are very beautiful. During the same period, many technologies had not been developed and hence it was beautifully done.

From Enlightenment To The Haitian Revolution

From Enlightenment To The Haitian Revolution The purpose of this research paper is to follow the path of the French Enlightenment through its internal revolution, and, consequently, its revolutions in its New World colonies. Upon doing so, it will be determined that ideologies present in the French Enlightenment are present in the following revolutions. Furthermore, it will be concluded that the French Revolution not only resulted in revolutions in its colonies, but it served as the catalyst due to faulty trans-Atlantic bureaucracy. The Age of Enlightenment was a period in Europe that has deep roots in France. The ultimate goal of this movement was to reform society, pursue knowledge, and enforce the new humanist and liberal ideologies the Enlightenment gave birth to (Hyland et al., 2003). Great works from Descartes and John Locke advocated for the equality of all men and women and an end to government corruption and abuse of power (2003). While these ideas have been posited in the past, the social and political conditions of France demanded they be answered. The end of the Enlightenment directly coincides with the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789. The French Revolution began in 1789 due to a myriad of causes ranging from the tangible to the philosophical: with ideals from the enlightenment being the catalyst (Anderson, 2005). Combine this with Frances debt problems, its attempt to solve the problem through raising taxes, and the history of broken promises from the Monarchy, a revolution of the proletariat with ideas of equality was bound to happen (2005). When Paris was consumed by riots and the French Guard took sides with the revolutionaries, the motion had begun which would have drastic implications for Frances territories abroad. To briefly summarize the effects of the French Revolution in its territories, the dissolution of the monarchy, lack of control over its foreign operations, and the resources needed domestically to manage the revolution, resulted in France losing its power hold over its colonies (2005). The historical significance of Haiti will be discussed heavily; however, it is important to recognize that while France was having its own internal changes, the development of the colonies carried its own set of problems that would greatly aid in the revolutions against France. It was not a question that since the French Revolution was explicitly built on the war cries of liberty and equality that this mentality would find it in the mechanisms behind the French slave trade and colonial system. French Slavery There were several French colonies in the Caribbean in which slavery was the modus operandi for their plantation based economies. The plantations typically produced sugar, coffee, and, later, cotton. Due to the size of Saint Domingue, present day Haiti, it will receive the most emphasis. Saint Domingue had approximately 500,000 slaves (Fick, 1990). Ironically, approximately one third of all slaves owned were owned by previously freed slaves; however, these free slaves were not allowed to hold any office or practice in any profession. The slave system in the French colonies was regulated by a series of edicts from the King, the most important being the French Code Noir proclaimed in March of 1685 (Fick, 1990). While this code presented the terms and conditions of slave owning and managing through a strictly religious perspective, they outline how slaves would be sold, how their family life would be dictated, forms of punishments, and life after slavery: unlike British slaves, many French slaves could eventually become free (The Code Noir, 1687). Saint Domingue was Frances most profitable colony and most pivotal in its Atlantic slave trade. At this point, it is essential to emphasize two key points. The first is that Saint Domingue was Frances most profitable colony. The second is that France was entering a period of Enlightenment at this time. Due to the importance of the slaves in the islands and the rise of enlightenment in France, many French diplomats began to attempt to understand the slaves for which they were responsible for. One notable individual is Mederic Louis Elie Moreau de Saint Mery, who approached the slaves from an almost anthropological and social point of view. Upon doing so, he realized several key tenants that would dictate how the French treated the slaves and their future role in the Haitian revolution. He concluded that many slaveholders feared the threat of slaves running away, try to poison them, and a great fear for their religious which many viewed as barbaric and rooted in African voodoo (de St. Mery, 1947). Saint Domingues Response to the French Revolution Upon hearing of the enlightenment movements and the quest for liberty and equality taking hold in France, the colonies were quick to take part by sending delegates to France to demand representation in the new National Assembly that would be formed. The purpose of this movement was to ensure the economic interests of white planters would be accounted for. The mulattos, or previously freed slaves, also sent delegates to France, but they were ignored for the most part. The main agent of action would come from the Society of Friends of the Blacks whose members included Jacques-Pierre Brissot and the leader of abolition in Britain, Thomas Clarkson. Branching off of enlightenment ideologies, the sought the commencement of abolition and to pursue better public relations with slaves including more rights and government positions. As Fick would suggest, however, their efforts fell on deaf ears and quickly became overshadowed by the crisis of the First French Republic and the outbreak of the Haitian Revolution (Gaspar et al., 1997). Even though French colonists, freed slaves, and slaves alike attempted to gain greater rights and were promptly ignored, the necessity for dramatic changed intensified. The complete disregard of the homeland French from the French colonialist resulted in the radicals, supporters of the enlightenment, to fight for complete civil and political equality of blacks and slaves in the colonies. Needless to say, this was met which much fervor and opposition from the white plantation owners who had their economic and business interests to protect. As the French Revolution began the movement in favor of granting rights to free blacks and abolish the slave trade, the uncertainty of Saint Domingue became increasingly evident. Success of the working classes in France created a mentality that there was hope among the free blacks and mulattos in the colonies (Fick, 1990). The uncertainty for the future of Saint Domingue resulted in an ever increasing polarization of the colony in which there was no middle ground to be found or settled upon. French radicals promised freedom for all, while white planters, fearful of this movement spreading, demanded complete independence from France and an abolishment of the Code Noir in favor of a much stricter code (Fick, 1990). Very is little known amount the internal mechanisms of the slave rebellion fomenting, but an excerpt from Henry Christophes slave paints squalid conditions when he writes, Have they not forced them to consume faeces? And, having flayed them with the last, have they not cast them alive to be devoured by worms, or lashed to stakes in the swamp to be devoured by mosquitoes (Heine, 1996). With a sentiment like this, it is certain that slaves wanted to be free. Another point to consider is the economic impact of freeing the slaves on the island; this was the one issue the white plantations holders feared the most. Whether slavery was still utilized after the French Revolution or not, the fact of the matter is the burden would be placed upon the white plantation owners. These sentiments were reaffirmed by Americas ability to maintain a system of slavery despite British edicts to end the slave trade previously. They went even as far to petition the National Assembly to remove themselves from the French Constitutional powers and prosecute anyone by death who attempted to create a slave based rebellion: this was granted, however it would prove not to be enough. Furthermore, initially blacks and mulattos believed their National Assembly would benefit them as it was going to benefit their counterparts in France; however, this was not the case. The French governments, before during and after the revolution, had no intention to relinquish any power of its territories. Rising Tensions As the National Assembly attempted to quell the opposition from the white plantation owners, unrest began to ferment in Saint Domingue. Most notably, the National Assembly and their March 1790 Decree failed to address the needs and political rights of free blacks: this would be a major mistake (Brown.edu, 2012). While the free blacks had a strong understanding of what was occurring, the slaves did not: yet the French Revolutionary slogan of liberty, equality, and freedom was easy to understand and began to ferment rebellious attitudes. The one key factor they had, that ultimately resulted in their success, was that slaves and free blacks accounted for a significant majority of the population. As a result, slaves began to plan and coordinate how they were going to overthrow their owners, blacks and white alike. The first slave rebellion took place in October of 1790 in which 350 mulattos rebelled against their plantation owners (Brown.edu, 2012). This resulted in very violent killings in which owners were massacred and tortured in some cases. The rebellion was quickly quelled when the French militia aligned with plantation owner resulting in the public execution of James Oge in 1791 (Brown.edu, 2012). Rather than quell rebellious sentiment, this action added fuel to the fire and served as an irreparable incident for the island. In order to combat any future rebellions, the de factor leaders Francois Dominique Toussaint-Louverture and Jean-Jacques Dessalines prompted the National Assembly in France to enact progressive laws. As a result, on May 15, 1791, the National Assembly granted equal political rights to all free mulattos and blacks provided they were born from free parents (Brown.edu, 2012). This did very little to appease the majority slave population, and research shows that this law, although progressive, only applied to a few hundred individuals. Needless to say, it was not want the slaves and former slaves needed nor wanted. As a result of this law, white plantation owners utilized more aggressive and abusive policies to their slaves paving the way for the point of no return. The Haitian Revolution Despite repeated efforts on all sides to address the issue of slavery, the demands on all parties were not being achieved. Fed up with government bureaucracy and familiar of Frances growing decline in the region, even more slave rebellions began to occur. The most notable occurred on August 22, 1791, in which the slaves began an approximate 7 years war against their colonialists (Anderson, 2005). It is important to note that during this time, the French National Assembly rescinded the rights given to free blacks and mulattos which only worsened relations and caused the slaves to burn down plantations, destroy government buildings, and massacre all whites and government officials. While the government in France, no matter the form, was unable nor unwilling to do anything about the slavery situation in Saint Domingue, the slaves were becoming more organized and began to make pacts with British and Spanish navies for freedom. The growing fear of losing its colonies to foreign powers dur ing its revolution forced France to abolish slavery on February 4, 1794 (Fick, 1997). This marks the first successful revolution of slaves against a foreign power.

Octavia E. Butler. Parable of the Sower Essay

Octavia E. Butler. Parable of the Sower Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The novel, parable of the sower was authored by Octavia E. Butler. The novel was published in 1993. It is the first book in a two-book series of science and fiction books written by Octavia E. Butler which is set in a prospect where the government has collapsed. The novel is centered on Lauren Olamina a young woman who has the ability to feel and perceive pain and many other sensations of others. She develops a benevolent religious and philosophical religion in her childhood in the remaining parts of a gated community in Los Angeles (the writer has dubbed this hyperempathy). During that time, there is increased resource scarcity and high levels of poverty which has led the civil society to revert to relative anarchism. As soon as the community’s security is compromised, her home is shattered and her family is murdered. After the incidence that led to loss of her parents, Lauren Olamina travels to North together with other survivors to go and try to start a new community where her faith- Earthseed can grow and thrive. The novel describes the conditions the society is going through in the city of California in 2024. The city has turned to hell and this has led to creation of three classes of people who are miles apart financially and in their societal status .i.e. the poor, the middle class and the rich. The poverty and insecurity levels not only in California but also in the whole of America are very high with different politicians giving empty promises on how they will alleviate the situation. Against such unpleasant background, Butler presents her intelligent heroine, Lauren who is believed to be thoughtful and independent girl who apart from thinking about herself she suffers from what the writer terms as â€Å"hyperempathy syndrome†- She is exceedingly sensitive to the agony of others, feeling it as if it were her own. It is this feeling that keeps pressuring her to change not only the belief system but also economically change the society and redeem her people from the anguish they are going through. Lauren does not acknowledge the belief system of her elders but make an effort to start her own system that is true according to her experience and that is accorded with common sense and observation. From the novel we get to know that Lauren acquired the â€Å"hyperempathy syndrome.† from her drug-addicted mother who died while giving birth to her.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There is no freedom in Laurent’s society. At the onset of the novel, we find Lauren, her family and other families that live within the walled neighborhood living as virtual prisoners.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Any time they want to go outside they must be armed. They live under endless siege resulting from drug addicts and thieves who aimlessly wander the streets outside. These drug addicts are desperate and many a times they break into their neighborhood, burn, steal and rummage whatever they can. In Laurent’s society, there are is no potentials for the young that are within the walls-they will continue to get poor due to lack of jobs and their lives continue to worsen slowly. For example what Bianca Montoya-seventeen year old expects when she marries is to live in a garage-like house. The national government is helpless to improve the condition. The sole option for Laurent’s people is moving to urban of Olivar’s company. But for the people who consider this option, they do so for the sake of their security and not for freedom reasons since the company will assume responsibility of each part of their lives- Lauren refuses t o go to Olivar. She instead journeys to the north for freedom despite the fact that she is aware of the danger of thejourneyand she does not clearly know her endpoint. Most of those people that travel with her are doing so as to escape virtual slavery. For example Zahra Moss escaped frequent fight from her husband, Allie Gilchrist and Jill were escaping slavery from their father who had forced them to prostitution and Jill and Allie Gilchrist was running from her employer who is enslaving her due to her debtr. Laurent’s arrival at Bankole’s property gives her to choose on of whether to stay there or not. Though survival in this new place is challenging, they have the privilege of freeing from outside oppression unlike their counterparts who sojourned to Olivar. (Butler 204).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From the novel, the author tries to point out the theme of Self-reliance. For instance, even when Laurent is young of age (at the age of fifteen years) she already has the knowledge of the state of her community-that it is doomed and that no one is ready to deliver it from the turmoil. This encourages her to live a self-reliant life and not to depend on any external authority to help her such as the police who are very corrupt-the rule of law in the community has broken down. This also encourages her to read everything that would help her know how to continue to exist when the time is ripe for her to leave Robledo (her community). For example, she learns how to use guns and how to handle medical emergencies. Once they start sojourning, Laurent and her group survive because of attentive and using their resources in a more wise way. After reaching the land where they intend to build their first Earthseed community, they still require to be s elf-reliant. Since there are no careers in this new area where they build their first Earthseed community, they have to nearly start from scratch and upkeep themselves by what they can cultivate and sell. Self-reliance therefore becomes a basic principle of the Earthseed religion. According to this religion which was founded by Laurent, it is imprudent for people to foolishly wait upon God to come and help them –they have to toil so as to bring food onto their table. It is their obligation to mold their own destiny based on their personal efforts. (ch. 11).According to Butler (158), the novel also shows the collapse of community and the steady reconstructing of another one. Societal orders are almost broken in Robledo in 2024 and the only places where community seems to exist is within the walled areas in which the middle class and the rich people live a normal live. Though the people in the walled areas where the middle class live do not like one another, they take the respo nsibility to defend their neighborhood. This community is doomed and at the end when it is invaded; there is nothing left but pandemonium and anarchy. In this chaotic world, Laurent and her community must learn the links of affection and trustworthiness that bring bond people in unison. In Laurent’s new community, there is sense of community-hood, togetherness and loyalty to the ideals of the society. For example, after Jill Gilchrist is killed, Lauren consoles and comforts Jill’s sister, Allie (Ch. 24). This is advancement on the process of forming the Earthseed community of people that share common values and value one another. (Butler 182).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The novel also reveals a poor religion which Laurent is against. According to the Baptist religion where Laurent’s father is a minister, they foolishly depend on God. They believe that their God can do everything for them and therefore there is no need for struggle. This kind of religion has contributed to the increased levels of poverty in the community. This is why Laurent challenges her father’s faith. She completely rejects his father’s religion and instead creates her own-Earthseed which exclusively believes in toiling for one’s survival instead of foolishly waiting upon God. (ch. 7).Contrary to Laurent’s success after challenging her father’s religion, Keith-Laurent’s young brother after challenging his father religion chooses a detrimental course which ends in his demise. He struggles to be independent by running from his father’s religion but this independence costs him his li fe (ch. 9).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to Margalit (6), Even though America is still in presumption democracy, there is no one in Laurent’s family and neighborhood that is ready to vote except her father. Basic goods are scarce and high-priced. Outside the enclosed neighborhoods, there is anarchy. People have entered in all types of depression. For example, drug addiction and disease is rampant, corpses lie all over the streets and many people are starving and homeless. The federal government keeps talking about alleviating the situation, but it is basically immaterial to most people’s lives. The police have worsened the situation also as they charge a fee before investigating a crime. References Octavia E. Butler. Parable of the Sower. United States: Four Walls Eight Windows press, 1993.Print. Fox, Margalit. â€Å"Octavia E. Butler, Science Fiction Writer, Dies at 58†³ journal of science fiction, (2003). Source document